Sphingosine-1-Phosphate and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathological Implications and Potential Therapeutic Targets

Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling in bone remodeling: multifaceted roles and therapeutic potential

INTRODUCTION Sphingolipids belong to a complex class of lipid molecules that are crucially involved in the regulation of important biological processes including proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Given the significant progress made in understanding the sphingolipid pathobiology of several diseases, sphingolipid-related checkpoints emerge as attractive targets. Recent data indicate the mul...

Targeting sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) levels and S1P receptor functions for therapeutic immune interventions.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is an important regulator of many different immune functions including lymphocyte circulation, antigen presentation, and T cell development. It stimulates five G protein-coupled receptors designated S1P(1-5), which are also expressed by immune cells. S1P receptors couple to different heterotrimeric G proteins including G alpha i, q, and 12/13, and elicit cellular s...

Targeting the Metabolism and Receptors of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Plasma paraoxonase, sphingosine-1-phosphate, total sialic acid, and heat shock protein-27 in the liver of the sheep naturally infected with Cysticercus tenuicollis: Evidence on pathological changes

The present study aimed to investigate whether sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), paraoxonase (PON), total sialic acid (TSA), and heat shock protein-27 (HSP27) are altered in the sheep during infection of the liver with Cysticercus tenuicollis. This study was conducted on40 healthy sheep and40 sheep with Cysticercus tenuicollis infection. The infected and non-infected animals were selected based on...

Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Promotes the Persistence of Activated CD4 T Cells in Inflamed Sites

Inflammation can be protective or pathogenic depending on context and timeframe. Acute inflammation, including the accumulation of CD4 T cells, accompanies protective immune responses to pathogens, but the presence of activated CD4 T cells at sites of inflammation is associated with chronic inflammatory disease. While significant progress has been made in understanding the migration of CD4 T ce...